MAX30100 Datasheet by Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated

integrated,”
General Description
The MAX30100 is an integrated pulse oximetry and heart-
rate monitor sensor solution. It combines two LEDs, a
photodetector, optimized optics, and low-noise analog
signal processing to detect pulse oximetry and heart-rate
signals.
The MAX30100 operates from 1.8V and 3.3V power sup-
plies and can be powered down through software with
negligible standby current, permitting the power supply to
remain connected at all times.
Applications
●Wearable Devices
●Fitness Assistant Devices
●Medical Monitoring Devices
Benefits and Features
●Complete Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor
Solution Simplifies Design
• Integrated LEDs, Photo Sensor, and
High-Performance Analog Front -End
• Tiny 5.6mm x 2.8mm x 1.2mm 14-Pin Optically
Enhanced System-in-Package
●Ultra-Low-Power Operation Increases Battery Life for
Wearable Devices
• Programmable Sample Rate and LED Current for
Power Savings
• Ultra-Low Shutdown Current (0.7µA, typ)
●Advanced Functionality Improves Measurement
Performance
• High SNR Provides Robust Motion Artifact Resil-
ience
• Integrated Ambient Light Cancellation
• High Sample Rate Capability
• Fast Data Output Capability
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
19-7065; Rev 0; 9/14
ADC
CONTROL SIGNAL
PROCESSING
COVER GLASS
10
0.1
RED IR
HbO
2
Hb
NO INK
MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
for Wearable Health
System Block Diagram
EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE
VDD to GND .........................................................-0.3V to +2.2V
GND to PGND ......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
x_DRV, x_LED+ to PGND ....................................-0.3V to +6.0V
All Other Pins to GND ..........................................-0.3V to +6.0V
Output Short-Circuit Current Duration ....................... Continuous
Continuous Input Current into Any Terminal ....................±20mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
OESIP (derate 5.8mW/°C above +70°C) ....................464mW
Operating Temperature Range ........................... -40°C to +85°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow) ....................................... +260°C
Storage Temperature Range ............................ -40°C to +105°C
OESIP
 Junction-to-AmbientThermalResistance(θJA) ........150°C/W
Junction-to-CaseThermalResistance(θJC) .............170°C/W
(Note 1)
(VDD = 1.8V, VIR_LED+ = VR_LED+ = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, min/max are from TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
POWER SUPPLY
Power-Supply Voltage VDD Guaranteed by RED and IR count tolerance 1.7 1.8 2.0 V
LED Supply Voltage
(R_LED+ or IR_LED+ to PGND) VLED+ Guaranteed by PSRR of LED Driver 3.1 3.3 5.0 V
Supply Current IDD
SpO
2
and heart rate modes,
PW = 200µs, 50sps 600 1200
µA
Heart rate only mode,
PW = 200µs, 50sps 600 1200
Supply Current in Shutdown ISHDN TA = +25°C, MODE = 0x80 0.7 10 µA
SENSOR CHARACTERISTICS
ADC Resolution 14 bits
Red ADC Count
(Note 3) REDC
Propriety ATE setup
RED_PA = 0x05, LED_PW = 0x00,
SPO2_SR = 0x07, TA = +25°C
23,000 26,000 29,000 Counts
IR ADC Count
(Note 3) IR
C
Propriety ATE setup
IR_PA = 0x09, LED_PW = 0x00,
SPO2_SR = 0x07, TA = +25°C
23,000 26,000 29,000 Counts
Dark Current Count DC
C
RED_PA = IR_PA = 0x00,
LED_PW = 0x03, SPO2_SR = 0x01 0 3 Counts
DC Ambient Light Rejection
(Note 4) ALR
Number of ADC counts with
fingeronsensorunderdirect
sunlight (100K lux)
LED_PW = 0x03,
SPO2_SR = 0x01
RED LED 0
Counts
IR LED 0
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer
board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Package Thermal Characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
(VDD = 1.8V, VIR_LED+ = VR_LED+ = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, min/max are from TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
IR ADC Count—PSRR (V
DD
) PSRR
VDD
Propriety ATE setup
1.7V < V
DD
< 2.0V,
LED_PW = 0x03, SPO2_SR = 0x01,
IR_PA = 0x09, IR_PA = 0x05, TA = +25°C
0.25 2 %
Frequency = DC to 100kHz, 100mV
P-P
10 LSB
RED/IR ADC Count—PSRR
(X_LED+) PSRR
LED
Propriety ATE setup
3.1V < X_LED+ < 5V,
LED_PW = 0x03, SPO2_SR = 0x01,
IR_PA = 0x09, IR_PA = 0x05, TA = +25°C
0.05 2 %
Frequency = DC to 100kHz, 100mV
P-P
10 LSB
ADC Integration Time INT LED_PW = 0x00 200 µs
LED_PW = 0x03 1600 µs
IR LED CHARACTERISTICS (Note 4)
LED Peak Wavelength λ
P
I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 870 880 900 nm
Full Width at Half Max Δλ I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 30 nm
Forward Voltage V
F
I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 1.4 V
Radiant Power P
O
I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 6.5 mW
RED LED CHARACTERISTICS (Note 4)
LED Peak Wavelength λ
P
I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 650 660 670 nm
Full Width at Half Max Δλ I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 20 nm
Forward Voltage V
F
I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 2.1 V
Radiant Power P
O
I
LED
= 20mA, T
A
= +25°C 9.8 mW
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
Temperature ADC Acquisition
Time T
T
T
A
= +25°C 29 ms
Temperature Sensor Accuracy T
A
T
A
= +25°C ±1 °C
Temperature Sensor Minimum
Range T
MIN
-40 °C
Temperature Sensor Maximum
Range T
MAX
85 °C
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 1.8V, VIR_LED+ = VR_LED+ = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, min/max are from TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
Note 2: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. Specifications over temperature limits are guaranteed by Maxim
Integrated’s bench or proprietary automated test equipment (ATE) characterization.
Note 3: Specifications are guaranteed by Maxim Integrated’s bench characterization and by 100% production test using proprietary
ATE setup and conditions.
Note 4: For design guidance only. Not production tested.
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS (SDA, SDA, INT)
Output Low Voltage SDA, INT V
OL
I
SINK
= 6mA 0.4 V
I
2
C Input Voltage Low V
IL_I2C
SDA, SCL 0.4 V
I
2
C Input Voltage High V
IH_I2C
SDA, SCL 1.4 V
Input Hysteresis V
HYS
SDA, SCL 200 mV
Input Capacitance C
IN
SDA, SCL 10 pF
Input Leakage Current I
IN
V
IN
= 0V, T
A
= +25°C
(SDA, SCL, INT) 0.01 1 µA
V
IN
= 5.5V, T
A
= +25°C
(SDA, SCL, INT) 0.01 1 µA
I
2
C TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (SDA, SDA, INT)
I
2
C Write Address AE Hex
I
2
C Read Address AF Hex
Serial Clock Frequency f
SCL
0 400 kHz
Bus Free Time Between STOP
and START Conditions t
BUF
1.3 µs
Hold Time (Repeated) START
Condition t
HD,START
0.6 µs
SCL Pulse-Width Low t
LOW
1.3 µs
SCL Pulse-Width High t
HIGH
0.6 µs
Setup Time for a Repeated START
Condition t
SU,START
0.6 µs
Data Hold Time t
HD,DAT
0 900 ns
Data Setup Time t
SU,DAT
100 ns
Setup Time for STOP Condition t
SU,STOP
0.6 µs
Pulse Width of Suppressed Spike t
SP
0 50 ns
Bus Capacitance C
B
400 pF
SDA and SCL Receiving Rise
Time t
R
20 + 0.1C
B
300 ns
SDA and SCL Receiving Fall Time t
RF
20 + 0.1C
B
300 ns
SDA Transmitting Fall Time t
TF
20 + 0.1C
B
300 ns
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Figure 1. I2C-Compatible Interface Timing Diagram
SDA
SCL
tHD,STA
START CONDITION
tRtF
tLOW
tSU,DAT
tHD,DAT
tSU,STA tHD,STA
REPEATED START CONDITION
tSP tSU,STO
tBUF
STOP
CONDITION
START
CONDITION
tHIGH
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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(VDD = 1.8V, VIR_LED+ = VR_LED+ = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
VDD SUPPLY CURRENT vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE toc03
MODE 0
MODE 2
MODE 3
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
010 20 30 40 50 60 70
DRV PIN COMPLIANCE VOLTAGE (V)
LED PULSE CURRENT (mA)
IR LED SUPPLY HEADROOM
(-10% CURRENT)
toc02
TA= +25°C
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
0 5 10 15 20
COUNTS (SUM)
DISTANCE (mm)
DC COUNTS vs. DISTANCE FOR
WHITE HIGH IMPACT STYRENE CARD
toc04
RED
IR
MODE[2:0] = 011
SPO2_HI_RES_EN = 1
SPO2_ADC_RGE = 0
SPO2_SR[2:0] = 001
RED or IR_PA[3:0] =
0101
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-50 050 100 150
VDD SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
VDD SHUTDOWN CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
VDD = 1.7V
toc05
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 1.8V
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
-50 050 100 150
LED SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
LED SHUTDOWN CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
VDD = 3.1V
toc06
VDD = 3.6V
VDD = 3.3V
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
-40 10 60 110
TEMPERATURE ERROR (°C)
ACTUAL TEMPERATURE (°C)
ON-BOARD TEMPERATURE vs. ERROR
toc07
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
500 600 700 800
NORMALIZE POWER (%)
WAVELENGTH (nm)
RED LED SPECTRA at +30°C
toc08
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
DRV PIN COMPLIANCE VOLTAGE (V)
LED PULSE CURRENT (mA)
RED LED SUPPLY HEADROOM
(-10% CURRENT)
toc01
TA= +25°C
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
for Wearable Health
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = 1.8V, VIR_LED+ = VR_LED+ = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
860
865
870
875
880
885
890
895
900
-40 10 60 110
PEAK WAVELENGTH (nm)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
IR LED WAVELENGTH vs. TEMPERATURE
AT LED CURRENT = 25mA
toc11
650
655
660
665
670
675
-40 10 60 110
PEAK WAVELENGTH (nm)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RED LED WAVELENGTH vs. TEMPERATURE
AT LED CURRENT = 25mA
toc10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55
FORWARD CURRENT (mA)
FORWARD VOLTAGE (V)
RED LED FORWARD VOLTAGE vs.
FORWARD CURRENT toc12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40
FORWARD CURRENT (mA)
FORWARD VOLTAGE (V)
IR LED FORWARD VOLTAGE vs.
FORWARD CURRENT toc13
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
700 800 900 1000
NORMALIZE POWER (%)
WAVELENGTH (nm)
IR LED SPECTRA at +30°C
toc09
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
PIN NAME FUNCTION
1, 7, 8, 14 N.C. No Connection. Connect to PCB Pad for Mechanical Stability.
2 SCL I2C Clock Input
3 SDA I2C Clock Data, Bidirectional (Open-Drain)
4 PGND Power Ground of the LED Driver Blocks
5 IR_DRV IRLEDCathodeandLEDDriverConnectionPoint.Leavefloatingincircuit.
6 R_DRV RedLEDCathodeandLEDDriverConnectionPoint.Leavefloatingincircuit.
9 R_LED+ Power Supply (Anode Connection) for Red LED. Bypass to PGND for best performance.
Connected to IR_LED+ internally.
10 IR_LED+ Power Supply (Anode Connection) for IR LED. Bypass to PGND for best performance. Con-
nected to R_LED+ internally.
11 VDD Analog Power Supply Input. Bypass to GND for best performance.
12 GND Analog Ground
13 INT Active-Low Interrupt (Open-Drain)
N.C. 1
SCL 2
SDA 3
PGND 4
IR_DRV 5
R_DRV 6
N.C. 7
14 N.C.
13 INT
12 GND
11 V
DD
10 IR_LED+
9R_LED+
8N.C.
MAX30100
SENSOR
LED
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Pin Description
Pin Configuration
880nm660nm
ADC
AMBIENT LIGHT
CANCELLATION ANALOG
ADC
TEMP
OSCILLATOR
DIGITAL
FILTER
DIGITAL
DATA
REGISTER
LED DRIVERS
I
2
C
COMMUNICATION INT
SDA
SCL
V
DD
IR_LED+
R_LED+
IR_DRVR_DRV GND PGND
RED IR
RED+IR
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Detailed Description
The MAX30100 is a complete pulse oximetry and heart-
rate sensor system solution designed for the demanding
requirements of wearable devices. The MAX30100 pro-
vides very small total solution size without sacrificing opti-
cal or electrical performance. Minimal external hardware
components are needed for integration into a wearable
device.
The MAX30100 is fully configurable through software reg-
isters, and the digital output data is stored in a 16-deep
FIFO within the device. The FIFO allows the MAX30100
to be connected to a microcontroller or microprocessor on
a shared bus, where the data is not being read continu-
ously from the device’s registers.
SpO2 Subsystem
The SpO2 subsystem in the MAX30100 is composed of
ambient light cancellation (ALC), 16-bit sigma delta ADC,
and proprietary discrete time filter.
The SpO2 ADC is a continuous time oversampling sigma
delta converter with up to 16-bit resolution. The ADC out-
put data rate can be programmed from 50Hz to 1kHz. The
MAX30100 includes a proprietary discrete time filter to
reject 50Hz/60Hz interference and low-frequency residual
ambient noise.
Temperature Sensor
The MAX30100 has an on-chip temperature sensor for
(optionally) calibrating the temperature dependence of the
SpO2 subsystem.
The SpO2 algorithm is relatively insensitive to the wave-
length of the IR LED, but the red LED’s wavelength is criti-
cal to correct interpretation of the data. The temperature
sensor data can be used to compensate the SpO2 error
with ambient temperature changes.
LED Driver
The MAX30100 integrates red and IR LED drivers to drive
LED pulses for SpO2 and HR measurements. The LED
current can be programmed from 0mA to 50mA (typical
only) with proper supply voltage. The LED pulse width
can be programmed from 200µs to 1.6ms to optimize
measurement accuracy and power consumption based
on use cases.
Functional Diagram
Table 1. Register Maps and Descriptions
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
STATUS
Interrupt
Status A_FULL TEMP_
RDY HR_RDY SPO2_
RDY
PWR_
RDY 0x00 0X00 R
Interrupt En-
able
ENB_A_
FULL
ENB_TE
P_RDY
ENB_HR_
RDY
ENB_S
O2_RDY 0x01 0X00 R/W
FIFO
FIFO Write
Pointer FIFO_WR_PTR[3:0] 0x02 0x00 R/W
Over Flow
Counter OVF_COUNTER[3:0] 0x03 0x00 R/W
FIFO Read
Pointer FIFO_RD_PTR[3:0] 0x04 0x00 R/W
FIFO Data
Register FIFO_DATA[7:0] 0x05 0x00 R/W
CONFIGURATION
ModeConfigu-
ration SHDN RESET TEMP_
EN MODE[2:0] 0x06 0x00 R/W
SPO2Configu-
ration
SPO2_HI_
RES_EN
RE-
SERVED SPO2_SR[2:0] LED_PW[1:0] 0x07 0x00 R/W
RESERVED 0x08 0x00 R/W
LEDConfigura-
tion RED_PA[3:0] IR_PA[3:0] 0x09 0x00 R/W
RESERVED 0x0A
– 0x15 0x00 R/W
TEMPERATURE
Temp_Integer TINT[7:0] 0x16 0x00 R/W
Temp_Fraction TFRAC[3:0] 0x17 0x00 R/W
RESERVED 0x8D 0x00 R/W
PART ID
Revision ID REV_ID[7:0] 0xFE 0xXX* R
Part ID PART_ID[7] 0xFF 0x11 R/W
*XX denotes any 2-digit hexidecimal number (00 to FF). Contact Maxim Integrated for the Revision ID number assigned for your
product.
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Interrupt Status (0x00)
There are 5 interrupts and the functionality of each is exactly the same: pulling the active-low interrupt pin into its low
state until the interrupt is cleared.
The interrupts are cleared whenever the interrupt status register is read, or when the register that triggered the interrupt
is read. For example, if the SpO2 sensor triggers an interrupt due to finishing a conversion, reading either the FIFO data
register or the interrupt register clears the interrupt pin (which returns to its normal high state), and also clears all the bits
in the interrupt status register to zero.
Bit 7: FIFO Almost Full Flag (A_FULL)
In SpO2 and heart-rate modes, this interrupt triggers when the FIFO write pointer is the same as the FIFO read pointer
minus one, which means that the FIFO has only one unwritten space left. If the FIFO is not read within the next conver-
sion time, the FIFO becomes full and future data is lost.
Bit 6: Temperature Ready Flag (TEMP_RDY)
When an internal die temperature conversion is finished, this interrupt is triggered so the processor can read the tem-
perature data registers.
Bit 5: Heart Rate Data Ready (HR_RDY)
In heart rate or SPO2 mode, this interrupt triggers after every data sample is collected. A heart rate data sample consists
of one IR data point only. This bit is automatically cleared when the FIFO data register is read.
Bit 4: SpO2 Data Ready (SPO2_RDY)
In SpO2 mode, this interrupt triggers after every data sample is collected. An SpO2 data sample consists of one IR and
one red data points. This bit is automatically cleared when the FIFO data register is read.
Bit 3: RESERVED
This bit should be ignored and always be zero in normal operation.
Bit 2: RESERVED
This bit should be ignored and always be zero in normal operation.
Bit 1: RESERVED
This bit should be ignored and always be zero in normal operation.
Bit 0: Power Ready Flag (PWR_RDY)
On power-up or after a brownout condition, when the supply voltage VDD transitions from below the UVLO voltage to
above the UVLO voltage, a power-ready interrupt is triggered to signal that the IC is powered up and ready to collect data.
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
Interrupt
Status A_FULL TEMP_
RDY HR_RDY SPO2_
RDY
PWR_
RDY 0x00 0X00 R
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Interrupt Enable (0x01)
Each source of hardware interrupt, with the exception of power ready, can be disabled in a software register within the
MAX30100 IC. The power-ready interrupt cannot be disabled because the digital state of the MAX30100 is reset upon a
brownout condition (low power-supply voltage), and the default state is that all the interrupts are disabled. It is important
for the system to know that a brownout condition has occurred, and the data within the device is reset as a result.
When an interrupt enable bit is set to zero, the corresponding interrupt appears as 1 in the interrupt status register, but
the INT pin is not pulled low.
The four unused bits (B3:B0) should always be set to zero (disabled) for normal operation.
FIFO (0x02–0x05)
FIFO Write Pointer
The FIFO write pointer points to the location where the MAX30100 writes the next sample. This pointer advances for each
sample pushed on to the FIFO. It can also be changed through the I2C interface when MODE[2:0] is nonzero.
FIFO Overflow Counter
When the FIFO is full, samples are not pushed on to the FIFO, samples are lost. OVF_COUNTER counts the number of
samples lost. It saturates at 0xF. When a complete sample is popped from the FIFO (when the read pointer advances),
OVF_COUNTER is reset to zero.
FIFO Read Pointer
The FIFO read pointer points to the location from where the processor gets the next sample from the FIFO via the I2C
interface. This advances each time a sample is popped from the FIFO. The processor can also write to this pointer after
reading the samples, which would allow rereading samples from the FIFO if there is a data communication error.
FIFO Data
The circular FIFO depth is 16 and can hold up to 16 samples of SpO2 channel data (Red and IR). The FIFO_DATA reg-
ister in the I2C register map points to the next sample to be read from the FIFO. FIFO_RD_PTR points to this sample.
Reading FIFO_DATA register does not automatically increment the register address; burst reading this register reads the
same address over and over. Each sample is 4 bytes of data, so this register has to be read 4 times to get one sample.
The above registers can all be written and read, but in practice, only the FIFO_RD_PTR register should be written to in
operation. The others are automatically incremented or filled with data by the MAX30100. When starting a new SpO2
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
Interrupt
Enable
ENB_A_
FULL
ENB_TE
P_RDY
ENB_HR_
RDY
ENB_S
O2_RDY 0x01 0X00 R/W
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
FIFO Write
Pointer FIFO_WR_PTR[3:0] 0x02 0x00 R/W
Over Flow
Counter OVF_COUNTER[3:0] 0x03 0x00 R/W
FIFO Read
Pointer FIFO_RD_PTR[3:0] 0x04 0x00 R/W
FIFO Data
Register FIFO_DATA[7:0] 0x05 0x00 R/W
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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or heart-rate conversion, it is recommended to first clear the FIFO_WR_PTR, OVF_COUNTER, and FIFO_RD_PTR
registers to all zeros (0x00) to ensure the FIFO is empty and in a known state. When reading the MAX30100 registers
in one burst-read I2C transaction, the register address pointer typically increments so that the next byte of data sent is
from the next register, etc. The exception to this is the FIFO data register, register 0x05. When reading this register, the
address pointer does not increment, but the FIFO_RD_PTR does. So the next byte of data sent will represent the next
byte of data available in the FIFO.
Reading from the FIFO
Normally, reading registers from the I2C interface autoincrements the register address pointer, so that all the registers
can be read in a burst read without an I2C restart event. In the MAX30100, this holds true for all registers except for the
FIFO_DATA register (0x05).
Reading the FIFO_DATA register does not automatically increment the register address; burst reading this register reads
the same address over and over. Each sample is 4 bytes of data, so this register has to be read 4 times to get one sample.
The other exception is 0xFF, reading more bytes after the 0xFF register does not advance the address pointer back to
0x00, and the data read is not meaningful.
FIFO Data Structure
The data FIFO consists of a 16-sample memory bank that stores both IR and RED ADC data. Since each sample consists
of one IR word and one RED word, there are 4 bytes of data for each sample, and therefore, 64 total bytes of data can
be stored in the FIFO. Figure 2 shows the structure of the FIFO graphically.
The FIFO data is left-justified as shown in Table 1; i.e. the MSB bit is always in the bit 15 position regardless of ADC
resolution.
Each data sample consists of an IR and a red data word (2 registers), so to read one sample requires 4 I2C byte reads
in a row. The FIFO read pointer is automatically incremented after each 4-byte sample is read.
In heart-rate only mode, the 3rd and 4th bytes of each sample return zeros, but the basic structure of the FIFO remains
the same.
Write/Read Pointers
Table 2. FIFO Data
Figure 2. Graphical Representation of the FIFO Data Register
ADC
RESOLUTION
IR
[15]
IR
[14]
IR
[13]
IR
[12]
IR
[11]
IR
[10]
IR
[9]
IR
[8]
IR
[7]
IR
[6]
IR
[5]
IR
[4]
IR
[3]
IR
[2]
IR
[1]
IR
[0]
16-bit
14-bit
12-bit
10-bit
IR[15:8]
IR[7:0]
RED[15:8]
RED[7:0]
NEWER SAMPLES
OLDER SAMPLES
REGISTER 0x05
IR[15:8](START OF SAMPLE #2)
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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The locations to store new data, and the read pointer for reading data, are used to control the flow of data in the FIFO.
The write pointer increments every time a new sample is added to the FIFO. The read pointer is incremented automati-
cally every time a sample is read from the FIFO. To reread a sample from the FIFO, decrement its value by one and read
the data register again.
The SpO2 write/read pointers should be cleared (back to 0x0) upon entering SpO2 mode or heart-rate mode, so that
there is no old data represented in the FIFO. The pointers are not automatically cleared when changing modes, but they
are cleared if VDD is power cycled so that the VDD voltage drops below its UVLO voltage.
Pseudo-Code Example of Reading Data from FIFO
First transaction: Get the FIFO_WR_PTR:
START;
Send device address + write mode
Send address of FIFO_WR_PTR;
REPEATED_START;
Send device address + read mode
Read FIFO_WR_PTR;
STOP;
The central processor evaluates the number of samples to be read from the FIFO:
NUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLES = FIFO_WR_PTR – FIFO_RD_PTR
(Note: pointer wrap around should be taken into account)
NUM_SAMPLES_TO_READ = < less than or equal to NUM_AVAILABLE_SAMPLES >
Second transaction: Read NUM_SAMPLES_TO_READ samples from the FIFO:
START;
Send device address + write mode
Send address of FIFO_DATA;
REPEATED_START;
Send device address + read mode
for (i = 0; i < NUM_SAMPLES_TO_READ; i++) {
Read FIFO_DATA;
Save IR[15:8];
Read FIFO_DATA;
Save IR[7:0];
Read FIFO_DATA;
Save R[15:8];
Read FIFO_DATA;
Save R[7:0];
}
STOP;
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Third transaction: Write to FIFO_RD_PTR register. If the second transaction was successful, FIFO_RD_PTR points
to the next sample in the FIFO, and this third transaction is not necessary. Otherwise, the processor updates the
FIFO_RD_PTR appropriately, so that the samples are reread.
START;
Send device address + write mode
Send address of FIFO_RD_PTR;
Write FIFO_RD_PTR;
STOP;
Mode Configuration (0x06)
Bit 7: Shutdown Control (SHDN)
The part can be put into a power-save mode by setting this bit to one. While in power-save mode, all registers retain their
values, and write/read operations function as normal. All interrupts are cleared to zero in this mode.
Bit 6: Reset Control (RESET)
When the RESET bit is set to one, all configuration, threshold, and data registers are reset to their power-on-state. The
only exception is writing both RESET and TEMP_EN bits to one at the same time since temperature data registers 0x16
and 0x17 are not cleared. The RESET bit is cleared automatically back to zero after the reset sequence is completed.
Bit 3: Temperature Enable (TEMP_EN)
This is a self-clearing bit which, when set, initiates a single temperature reading from the temperature sensor. This bit is
cleared automatically back to zero at the conclusion of the temperature reading when the bit is set to one in heart rate
or SpO2 mode.
Bits 2:0: Mode Control
These bits set the operating state of the MAX30100. Changing modes does not change any other setting, nor does it
erase any previously stored data inside the data registers.
Table 3. Mode Control
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
ModeConfigu-
ration SHDN RESET TEMP_
EN MODE[2:0] 0x06 0x00 R/W
MODE[2:0] MODE
000 Unused
001 Reserved
(Do not use)
010 HR only enabled
011 SPO2 enabled
100–111 Unused
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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SpO2 Configuration (0x07)
Bit 6: SpO2 High Resolution Enable (SPO2_HI_RES_EN)
Set this bit high. The SpO2 ADC resolution is 16-bit with 1.6ms LED pulse width.
Bit 5: Reserved. Set low (default).
Bit 4:2: SpO2 Sample Rate Control
These bits define the effective sampling rate, with one sample consisting of one IR pulse/conversion and one RED pulse/
conversion.
The sample rate and pulse width are related, in that the sample rate sets an upper bound on the pulse width time. If the
user selects a sample rate that is too high for the selected LED_PW setting, the highest possible sample rate will instead
be programmed into the register.
Bits 1:0: LED Pulse Width Control
These bits set the LED pulse width (the IR and RED have the same pulse width), and therefore, indirectly set the integra-
tion time of the ADC in each sample. The ADC resolution is directly related to the integration time.
Table 4. SpO2 Sample Rate Control
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
SPO
2
Configuration
SPO2_HI_
RES_EN Reserved SPO2_SR[2:0] LED_PW[1:0] 0x07 0x00 R/W
SPO2_SR[2:0] SAMPLES (PER SECOND)
000 50
001 100
010 167
011 200
100 400
101 600
110 800
111 1000
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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LED Configuration (0x09)
Bits 7:4: Red LED Current Control
These bits set the current level of the Red LED as in Table 6.
Bits 3:0: IR LED Current Control
These bits set the current level of the IR LED as in Table 6.
Table 5. LED Pulse Width Control
Table 6. LED Current Control
*Actual measured LED current for each part can vary widely due to the proprietary trim methodology.
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
LEDConfigura-
tion RED_PA[3:0] IR_PA[3:0] 0x09 0x00 R/W
LED_PW[1:0] PULSE WIDTH (µs) ADC RESOLUTION (BITS)
00 200 13
01 400 14
10 800 15
11 1600 16
Red_PA[3:0] OR IR_PA[3:0] TYPICAL LED CURRENT (mA)*
0000 0.0
0001 4.4
0010 7.6
0011 11.0
0100 14.2
0101 17.4
0110 20.8
0111 24.0
1000 27.1
1001 30.6
1010 33.8
1011 37.0
1100 40.2
1101 43.6
1110 46.8
1111 50.0
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Temperature Data (0x16–0x17)
REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 REG
ADDR
POR
STATE R/W
Temp_Integer TINT[7:0] 0x16 0x00 R/W
Temp_Fraction TFRAC[3:0] 0x17 0x00 R/W
Temperature Integer
The on-board temperature ADC output is split into two registers, one to store the integer temperature and one to store
the fraction. Both should be read when reading the temperature data, and the following equation shows how to add the
two registers together:
TMEASURED = TINTEGER + TFRACTION
This register stores the integer temperature data in two’s complement format, where each bit corresponds to degree
Celsius.
Temperature Fraction
This register stores the fractional temperature data in increments of 0.0625NC (1/16th of a degree).
If this fractional temperature is paired with a negative integer, it still adds as a positive fractional value
(e.g., -128°C + 0.5°C = -127.5°C).
Table 7. Temperature Integer
REGISTER VALUE (hex) TEMPERATURE (°C)
0x00 0
0x00 +1
... ...
0x7E +126
0x7F +127
0x80 -128
0x81 -127
... ...
0xFE -2
0xFF -1
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Applications Information
Sampling Rate and Performance
The MAX30100 ADC is a 16-bit sigma delta converter.
The ADC sampling rate can be configured from 50sps to
1ksps. The maximum sample rate for the ADC depends
on the selected pulse width, which in turn, determines the
ADC resolution. For instance, if the pulse width is set to
200µs, then the ADC resolution is 13 bits and all sample
rates from 50sps to 1ksps are selectable. However, if the
pulse width is set to 1600µs, then only sample rates of
100sps and 50sps can be set. The allowed sample rates
for both SpO2 and HR mode are summarized in Table 8
and Table 9.
Power Considerations
The LEDs in MAX30100 are pulsed with a low duty cycle
for power savings, and the pulsed currents can cause
ripples in the LED power supply. To ensure these pulses
do not translate into optical noise at the LED outputs, the
power supply must be designed to handle peak LED cur-
rent. Ensure that the resistance and inductance from the
power supply (battery, DC/DC converter, or LDO) to the
deviceLED+pinsismuchsmallerthan1Ω,andthatthere
is at least 1µF of power-supply bypass capacitance to a
low impedance ground plane. The decoupling capacitor
should be located physically as close as possible to the
MAX30100 device.
In the heart-rate only mode, the red LED is inactive, and
only the IR LED is used to capture optical data and deter-
mine the heart rate. This mode allows power savings due
to the red LED being off; in addition, the IR_LED+ power
supply can be reduced to save power because the for-
ward voltage of the IR LED is significantly less than that
of the red LED.
The average IDD and LED current as function of pulse
width and sampling rate is summarized in Table 10 to
Table 13.
Table 8. SpO2 Mode (Allowed Settings) Table 9. Heart-Rate Mode
(Allowed Settings)
SAMPLES
(per second)
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
200 400 800 1600
50 O O O O
100 O O O O
167 O O O
200 O O O
400 O O
600 O
800 O
1000 O
Resolution
(bits) 13 14 15 16
SAMPLES
(per second)
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
200 400 800 1600
50 O O O O
100 O O O O
167 O O O
200 O O O
400 O O
600 O O
800 O O
1000 O O
Resolution
(bits) 13 14 15 16
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Hardware Interrupt
The active-low interrupt pin pulls low when an interrupt
is triggered. The pin is open-drain and requires a pullup
resistor or current source to an external voltage supply
(up to +5V from GND). The interrupt pin is not designed
to sink large currents, so the pullup resistor value should
belarge,suchas4.7kΩ.
The internal FIFO stores up to 16 samples, so that the
system processor does not need to read the data after
every sample. Temperature data may be needed to prop-
erly interpret SpO2 data, but the temperature does not
need to be sampled very often—once a second or every
few seconds should be sufficient. In heart-rate mode tem-
perature information is not necessary.
Table 12. Heart-Rate Mode: Average IDD
Current (µA) IR_PA = 0x3
Table 13. Heart-Rate Mode: Average LED
Current (mA) IR_PA = 0x3
Table 10. SpO2 Mode: Average IDD
Current (µA) R_PA = 0x3, IR_PA = 0x3
Table 11. SpO2 Mode: Average LED
Current (mA) R_PA = 0x3, IR_PA = 0x3
SAMPLES
(per second)
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
200 400 800 1600
50 608 616 633 667
100 617 634 669 740
167 628 658 716 831
200 635 670 739 876
400 671 740 878
600 707 810
800 743 881
1000 779 951
SAMPLES
(per second)
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
200 400 800 1600
50 628 650 695 782
100 649 691 776 942
167 678 748 887
200 692 775 940
400 779 944
600 865
800 952
1000 1037
SAMPLES
(per second)
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
200 400 800 1600
50 0.256 0.511 1.020 2.040
100 0.512 1.022 2.040 4.077
167 0.854 1.705 3.404 6.795
200 1.023 2.041 4.074 8.130
400 2.042 4.074 8.123
600 3.054 6.089
800 4.070 8.109
1000 5.079 10.11
SAMPLES
(per second)
PULSE WIDTH (µs)
200 400 800 1600
50 0.667 1.332 2.627 5.172
100 1.26 2.516 4.96 9.766
167 2.076 4.145 8.173
200 2.491 4.93 9.687
400 4.898 9.765
600 7.319
800 9.756
1000 12.17
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Em Em Em WT
Table 14. Red LED Current Settings vs. LED Temperature Rise
Figure 3. Timing for Data Acquisition and Communication When in SpO2 Mode
RED LED CURRENT SETTING
RED LED DUTY CYCLE
(% OF LED PULSE WIDTH
TO SAMPLE TIME)
ESTIMATED TEMPERATURE RISE
(ADD TO TEMPERATURE SENSOR
MEASUREMENT) (°C)
0001 (3.1mA) 8 0.1
1111 (35mA) 8 2
0001 (3.1mA) 16 0.3
1111 (35mA) 16 4
0001 (3.1mA) 32 0.6
1111 (35mA) 32 8
INT
I
2
C BUS
LED OUTPUTS
RED
IR
RED
IR
RED
IR
~
~
~
RED
IR
RED
IR
RED
IR
RED
IR
SAMPLE #1 SAMPLE #2 SAMPLE #3 SAMPLE #14 SAMPLE #15
1 4 5 6
TEMP SENSOR TEMPERATURE SAMPLE
2 3
29ms
15ms TO 300ms
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Timing for Measurements and Data Collection
Timing in SpO2 Mode
|:F:|
Table 15. Events Sequence for Figure 3 in SpO2 Mode
Figure 4. Timing for Data Acquisition and Communication When in Heart Rate Mode
EVENT DESCRIPTION COMMENTS
1Enter into SpO2 mode. Initiate a tem-
perature measurement.
I2C Write Command Sets MODE[2:0] = 0x03. At the same time,
set the TEMP_EN bit to initiate a single temperature measurement.
Mask the SPO2_RDY Interrupt.
2Temperature measurement complete,
interrupt generated
TEMP_RDY interrupt triggers, alerting the central processor to
read the data.
3 Temp data is read, interrupt cleared
4 FIFO is almost full, interrupt generated Interrupt is generated when the FIFO has only one empty space left.
5 FIFO data is read, interrupt cleared
6 Next sample is stored New sample is stored at the new read pointer location. Effectively,
itisnowthefirstsampleintheFIFO.
INT
I2C BUS
LED OUTPUTS
IR
IR
IR
~
~
~
IR
IR
IR
IR
SAMPLE #1 SAMPLE #2 SAMPLE #3 SAMPLE #14 SAMPLE #15
1 2 34
15ms to 300ms
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Timing in Heart-Rate Mode
Power Sequencing and Requirements
Power-Up Sequencing
Figure 5 shows the recommended power-up sequence for
the MAX30100.
It is recommended to power the VDD supply first, before
the LED power supplies (R_LED+, IR_LED+). The inter-
rupt and I2C pins can be pulled up to an external voltage
even when the power supplies are not powered up.
After the power is established, an interrupt occurs to alert
the system that the MAX30100 is ready for operation.
Reading the I2C interrupt register clears the interrupt, as
shown in Figure 5.
Power-Down Sequencing
The MAX30100 is designed to be tolerant of any power-
supply sequencing on power-down.
I2C Interface
The MAX30100 features an I2C/SMBus-compatible,
2-wire serial interface consisting of a serial data line
(SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). SDA and SCL
facilitate communication between the MAX30100 and the
master at clock rates up to 400kHz. Figure 1 shows the
2-wire interface timing diagram. The master generates
SCL and initiates data transfer on the bus. The master
device writes data to the MAX30100 by transmitting the
proper slave address followed by data. Each transmit
sequence is framed by a START (S) or REPEATED
START (Sr) condition and a STOP (P) condition. Each
word transmitted to the MAX30100 is 8 bits long and is
followed by an acknowledge clock pulse. A master read-
ing data from the MAX30100 transmits the proper slave
address followed by a series of nine SCL pulses.
The MAX30100 transmits data on SDA in sync with the
master-generated SCL pulses. The master acknowl-
edges receipt of each byte of data. Each read sequence
is framed by a START (S) or REPEATED START (Sr)
condition, a not acknowledge, and a STOP (P) condition.
SDA operates as both an input and an open-drain output.
Apullupresistor,typicallygreaterthan500Ω,isrequired
on SDA. SCL operates only as an input. A pullup resistor,
typicallygreaterthan500Ω,isrequiredonSCLifthereare
multiple masters on the bus, or if the single master has an
open-drain SCL output.
Bit Transfer
One data bit is transferred during each SCL cycle. The
data on SDA must remain stable during the high period
of the SCL pulse. Changes in SDA while SCL is high are
control signals. See the START and STOP Conditions
section.
Table 16. Events Sequence for Figure 4 in Heart-Rate Mode
Figure 5. Power-Up Sequence of the Power-Supply Rails
EVENT DESCRIPTION COMMENTS
1 Enter into heart rate mode I2C Write Command Sets MODE[2:0] = 0x02. Mask the HR_RDY
interrupt.
2 FIFO is almost full, interrupt generated Interrupt is generated when the FIFO has only one empty space left.
3 FIFO data is read, interrupt cleared
4 Next sample is stored New sample is stored at the new read pointer location. Effectively, it is
nowthefirstsampleintheFIFO.
R_LED+,
IR_LED+
V
DD
INT
SDA, SCL
HIGH (I/O PULLUP)
HIGH (I/O PULLUP)
PWR_RDY INTERRUPT
READ TO CLEAR
INTERRUPT
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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mm
START and STOP Conditions
SDA and SCL idle high when the bus is not in use. A mas-
ter initiates communication by issuing a START condition.
A START condition is a high-to-low transition on SDA with
SCL high. A STOP condition is a low-to-high transition
on SDA while SCL is high (Figure 6). A START condition
from the master signals the beginning of a transmission
to the MAX30100. The master terminates transmission,
and frees the bus, by issuing a STOP condition. The bus
remains active if a REPEATED START condition is gener-
ated instead of a STOP condition.
Early STOP Conditions
The MAX30100 recognizes a STOP condition at any point
during data transmission except if the STOP condition
occurs in the same high pulse as a START condition. For
proper operation, do not send a STOP condition during
the same SCL high pulse as the START condition.
Slave Address
A bus master initiates communication with a slave device
by issuing a START condition followed by the 7-bit slave
ID. When idle, the MAX30100 waits for a START condition
followed by its slave ID. The serial interface compares
each slave ID bit by bit, allowing the interface to power
down and disconnect from SCL immediately if an incor-
rect slave ID is detected. After recognizing a START
condition followed by the correct slave ID, the MAX30100
is ready to accept or send data. The LSB of the slave
ID word is the Read/Write (R/W) bit. R/W indicates
whether the master is writing to or reading data from the
MAX30100. R/W = 0 selects a write condition, R/W = 1
selects a read condition). After receiving the proper slave
ID, the MAX30100 issues an ACK by pulling SDA low for
one clock cycle.
The MAX30100 slave ID consists of seven fixed bits,
B7–B1 (set to 0b1010111). The most significant slave ID
bit (B7) is transmitted first, followed by the remaining bits.
Table 18 shows the possible slave IDs of the device.
Acknowledge
The acknowledge bit (ACK) is a clocked 9th bit that the
MAX30100 uses to handshake receipt each byte of data
when in write mode (Figure 7). The MAX30100 pulls down
SDA during the entire master-generated 9th clock pulse
if the previous byte is successfully received. Monitoring
ACK allows for detection of unsuccessful data transfers.
An unsuccessful data transfer occurs if a receiving device
is busy or if a system fault has occurred. In the event of
an unsuccessful data transfer, the bus master will retry
communication. The master pulls down SDA during the
9th clock cycle to acknowledge receipt of data when the
MAX30100 is in read mode. An acknowledge is sent by
the master after each read byte to allow data transfer to
continue. A not-acknowledge is sent when the master
reads the final byte of data from the MAX30100, followed
by a STOP condition.
Table 17. Slave ID Description
Figure 6. START, STOP, and REPEATED START Conditions Figure 7. Acknowledge
B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 WRITE AD-
DRESS
READ AD-
DRESS
1010111R/W0xAE 0xAF
S Sr P
SCL1
SDA1
SCL1
SDA1
START
CONDITION
1 2 8 9
CLOCK PULSE FOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
ACKNOWLEDGE
Figure 7
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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2‘ T E T :\
Write Data Format
For the write operation, send the slave ID as the first
byte followed by the register address byte and then one
or more data bytes. The register address pointer incre-
ments automatically after each byte of data received. For
example, the entire register bank can be written by at one
time. Terminate the data transfer with a STOP condition.
The write operation is shown in Figure 8.
The internal register address pointer increments auto-
matically, so writing additional data bytes fill the data
registers in order.
Read Data Format
For the read operation, two I2C operations must be per-
formed. First, the slave ID byte is sent followed by the I2C
register that you wish to read. Then a REPEATED START
(Sr) condition is sent, followed by the read slave ID. The
MAX30100 then begins sending data beginning with the
register selected in the first operation. The read pointer
increments automatically, so the MAX30100 continues
sending data from additional registers in sequential order
until a STOP (P) condition is received. The exception to
this is the FIFO_DATA register, at which the read pointer
no longer increments when reading additional bytes. To
read the next register after FIFO_DATA, an I2C write
command is necessary to change the location of the read
pointer.
An initial write operation is required to send the read reg-
ister address.
Data is sent from registers in sequential order, starting
from the register selected in the initial I2C write operation.
If the FIFO_DATA register is read, the read pointer does
not automatically increment, and subsequent bytes of
data contain the contents of the FIFO.
Figure 8. Writing One Data Byte to the MAX30100
Figure 9. Reading One Byte of Data from the MAX30100
SR/W = 0
101 0 0 0 1 ACK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK
SLAVE ID REGISTER ADDRESS
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK
P
DATA BYTE
S = START CONDITION
P = STOP CONDITION
ACK = ACKNOWLEDGE BY THE RECEIVER
INTERNAL ADDRESS POINTER AUTO-INCREMENT
(FOR WRITING MULTIPLE BYTES)
SR/W = 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 ACK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK
SLAVE ID REGISTER ADDRESS
S = START CONDITION
Sr = REPEATED START CONDITION
P = STOP CONDITION
ACK = ACKNOWLEDGE BY THE RECEIVER
NACK = NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
SR/W = 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 NACK
SLAVE ID DATA BYTE
P
Figure 9
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
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Figure 10. Reading Multiple Bytes of Data from the MAX30100
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX30100EFD+ -40°C to +85°C 14 OESIP
(0.8mm pitch)
880nm660nm
ADC
AMBIENT LIGHT
CANCELLATION ANALOG
ADC
TEMP
OSCILLATOR
DIGITAL
FILTER
DIGITAL
DATA
REGISTER
LED DRIVERS
I
2
C
COMMUNICATION INT
SDA
SCL
V
DD
IR_LED+IR_LED+
IR_DRVR_DRV GND PGND
RED IR
RED+IR
10µF
+3.3V
50mA PEAK
(TYPICAL)
1µF
+1.8V
4.7kΩ
4.7kΩ 4.7kΩ
V
DDIO
µc
OR
APPS
PROC
SR/W = 0
10 1 0 0 0 1 ACK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK
SLAVE ID REGISTER ADDRESS
S = START CONDITION
Sr = REPEATED START CONDITION
P = STOP CONDITION
ACK = ACKNOWLEDGE BY THE RECEIVER
AM = ACKNOWLEDGE BY THE MASTER
NACK = NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
Sr R/W = 0
1 0 1 0 00 1 ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 AM
SLAVE ID DATA 1
D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 AM D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 NACK
DATA n-1 DATA n
P
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26
MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
for Wearable Health
Ordering Information Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
Typical Application Circuit
m7 REF E 4 -A2 REE Al CEIRNEP INDEX AREA * *"X L was 1 “ EB E j D D m m LEE: I: E E T’EEH + A} El El nX bum-ma 4L D D T E Eta Synbut MIN NEIM MAX -EX A 1 1 1 2 1 3 A1 0 3 REF A2 03 REE k1 El 25 U 30 U 35 TOP VTEW STOE VTEW BOTTOM VTEW D 5‘5 5‘s 5‘7 D1 45 ESE NOTES} E 27 T as T 29 ’ E1 2‘15 ESC 1, ALL DTMENSTONS ARE TN MTLLTMETERS ANGLES ARE TN DEGR’EES. E 08 ESE: 2 DTMENSTONTNG 8c TOLERANCTNG CONFORM TO ASME YT45M71994. L D” “D45 ‘ USU 3:, N TS THE TOTAL NuMEER OF TERMTNALS 4 MATERIAL MUST BE CEIMPLIAVT WITH MAXIM SJECIFICATIEIN 10*0131 FDR N H SUBSTAVCE CEIATENT, MUST BE Eu PEIHS CEIMPLIANT WITHDUT EXEMPTIEIN mm 0‘1 AND PE’FREET aw DEE ALL DTMENSTONS APDLY TO Pb FREE (+) PARTS PACKAGE CODE- FT42D5+2 cum rDRAWTNG NOT TO SCALE WLE PACKAGE OUTLINE 14L EILEA. 29xssx12m wnum nocwmr camm Na EliCSBD “E |%
PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO.
14 OESIP F142D5+2 21-0880 90-0461
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27
MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
for Wearable Health
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
J NEITEXw L REFERENCE PKG‘ DUTLINE: 217088!) 2 LAND PATTERN CEIMPLIES TD‘ IPC7351A‘ 3 TEILERANCE: +/7 one MM. 4‘ ALL DIMENSIDNS APPLY In PbFREE (w PKE‘ CDDE EINLV 5‘ ALL DIMENSIDNS IN MM. rDR'AW‘NG NDT TO SCALE— mam mxegramd. YNS amnm (\ndud‘ng d‘nznslnns, mes . 5mg) ‘5 u recumnumn mm on mm mm hunrd mmumng pmmeeeys, Slnce Anna vu1(ern deslgn devend an many mews Wm." my Mum <99 uger’s="" bum="" mmmmg="" :pyzs),="" user="" must="" de‘emlne="" mummy="" my="" uge.="" m;="" amnm="" l5="" 5mm="" «1="" mm="" mthum="" mace="" mm:="" «(mm="" swwh="" ac="" mw/xmmxmcom/supparc="" m="" mmmr="" quesuan;="" m;="" package="" land="" paytern,="" [fheds+2]="" dlea="" mmam="" i="" dwmeni="" mum="" n0="" 90*0461="" l5“;="" ix="">
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28
MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
for Wearable Health
Package Information (continued)
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE DESCRIPTION PAGES
CHANGED
0 9/14 Initial release —
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. © 2014 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter and Heart-Rate Sensor IC
for Wearable Health
Revision History
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.